Frequently Asked Questions About Joint Replacement Surgery

Frequently Asked Questions About Joint Replacement Surgery

Have questions about joint replacement? Discover expert answers about surgery timing, recovery pain, prosthesis lifespan, and activity limitations in this detailed guide.

Joint replacement surgery, particularly for the hip and knee, is a life-changing procedure that restores mobility and relieves pain in patients suffering from advanced osteoarthritis, trauma-related deformities, or rheumatologic conditions. While the outcomes are often excellent, many patients have common concerns before undergoing surgery. This article answers the most frequently asked questions about joint replacement surgery, based on current scientific evidence and clinical practice.

1. When Is Joint Replacement Surgery Necessary?

Joint replacement is usually considered when:

• Advanced osteoarthritis causes severe pain and stiffness
• Inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis damage the joint
• Post-traumatic deformities impair function
• Avascular necrosis of the femoral head leads to joint collapse
• Conservative treatments have failed
• Daily activities and quality of life are severely affected

Clinical examination and radiological findings guide the decision.

2. Is There an Age Limit for Joint Replacement?

There is no absolute age limit. While previously reserved for older adults, today’s improved implants allow surgery even in patients in their 40s. Decision criteria include:

• General health status
• Bone quality
• Activity level
• Patient expectations

In younger patients, surgery may be delayed, but when quality of life is significantly impaired, joint replacement is a valid solution.

3. How Long Does the Surgery Take?

The average surgical duration is 1 to 2 hours. However, factors that may affect the duration include:

• Type of prosthesis (total vs. partial)
• Surgeon experience
• Patient anatomy
• Presence of additional surgical procedures

4. How Painful Is the Recovery?

Thanks to modern anesthesia and pain control methods, postoperative pain is manageable. Typically:

• Pain is most intense during the first 3–5 days
• It decreases significantly after the first week
• Analgesic needs diminish after the third week

Physiotherapy may cause some discomfort but is essential for recovery.

5. How Long Will I Stay in the Hospital?

Most patients are discharged within 2 to 4 days. During this time:

• Pain is controlled
• Wound healing is monitored
• First mobilization and physical therapy begin

Minimally invasive techniques may reduce hospital stay even further.

6. When Can I Start Walking?

• Patients are usually mobilized the day after surgery
• Initial walking is with a walker or crutches
• By 1–2 weeks, most patients can walk with minimal assistance
• A normal walking pattern is often restored by 6 weeks

7. How Long Does a Joint Prosthesis Last?

Modern prostheses can last 20 to 25 years, depending on:

• Implant material
• Surgical technique
• Patient body weight
• Activity level

Younger, active patients may require a revision surgery in the future.

8. Can I Exercise After Surgery?

Yes, but high-impact sports should be avoided. Recommended activities include:

• Swimming
• Walking
• Stationary cycling
• Low-impact exercises

Running or jumping is not advised to protect the implant.

9. What Is the Risk of Infection?

With advanced sterilization and prophylactic antibiotics, the risk is below 1%. However, conditions like diabetes, immunosuppression, or obesity can increase the risk. If infection occurs, revision surgery may be required.

10. Are Implants Harmful to the Body?

No. Joint prostheses are made of biocompatible materials like titanium, ceramic, or cobalt-chrome alloys. These are well-tolerated by the body and rarely cause allergic reactions.

11. When Can I Return to Work?

• Desk jobs: around 4–6 weeks
• Standing jobs: 2–3 months
• Heavy labor: after 3–6 months

Your doctor will guide this based on your recovery.

12. What Happens If the Prosthesis Becomes Loose?

Loosening can cause:

• Increased pain
• Difficulty walking
• Instability

Diagnosis is made via X-rays or other imaging, and revision surgery may be necessary if loosening is confirmed.