Orthopedic Risks in Athletic Children

Orthopedic Risks in Athletic Children

This article thoroughly explores the most common orthopedic risks in athletic children, the reasons behind these risks, and prevention methods. Based on the expertise of orthopedic specialist Dr. Gökhan Polat, it provides a comprehensive overview of joint and muscle injuries related to sports among children.

Childhood is a critical phase in which fundamental motor skills develop and the musculoskeletal system grows rapidly. Engaging in sports during this period offers significant benefits for children’s physical, psychological, and social development. However, without proper precautions, the intense physical activities involved in sports can lead to orthopedic problems. Orthopedic issues seen in young athletes may manifest in various ways, including damage to growth plates, muscle and tendon strains, and joint injuries.

Children’s bones and growth plates differ from those of adults; thus, excessive stress or incorrect techniques during sports can negatively affect their growth and development. Understanding and preventing orthopedic risks is essential for children to maintain a healthy sporting life.

Common Orthopedic Injuries in Athletic Children

Among the most frequent orthopedic problems experienced by child athletes are growth plate injuries, cartilage damage, muscle and tendon strains, joint sprains, and stress fractures.

Growth Plate Injuries

The growth plates located at the ends of bones are responsible for increasing bone length in children. Unlike adult bone structures, these plates are more fragile and vulnerable to excessive stress. The risk of growth plate injuries increases especially in sports involving rapid directional changes, such as football and basketball. Such injuries can result in developmental abnormalities.

Muscle and Tendon Strains

The sudden movements, high-intensity activities, and excessive training loads required by sports may cause wear and tear in muscles and tendons. Common issues among children include muscle strains, tendinitis, and tendinosis.

Joint Sprains and Injuries

Direct trauma or improper movements can cause sprains, dislocations, and ligament injuries in joints. The most commonly affected joints are the knees, ankles, and shoulders. Anterior cruciate ligament injuries in the knee especially require careful monitoring in children and young athletes.

Stress Fractures

Repeated high-impact activities can cause microcracks in bones. If left untreated, these microfractures may develop into more severe fractures. Sports like running, which place continuous pressure on the feet, frequently see stress fractures in children.

Causes of Orthopedic Risks

These risks usually stem from inappropriate training programs, technical deficiencies, inadequate rest, and unbalanced nutrition.

Excessive Training and Inadequate Rest

Training beyond children’s physical capacity strains their growth plates and muscles. Additionally, tissues that do not receive sufficient rest cannot repair themselves, paving the way for chronic injuries.

Incorrect Technique and Equipment Use

Improper techniques during sports can damage joints and muscles. Using unsuitable shoes or lacking protective equipment also increases injury risk.

Physiological Characteristics During Development

Children’s bones are not fully mineralized, and their connective tissues are more flexible, making them more susceptible to injury. Therefore, children in their growth phase are particularly vulnerable to damage from sudden and intense strain.

Recommendations for Preventing Orthopedic Risks

Early intervention and correct precautions can significantly reduce sports-related injuries in children.

Balanced and Planned Training Programs

Training programs should be tailored to athletes’ age and developmental status, avoiding overloading. Rest and training periods should be well balanced.

Importance of Technical Training

Learning and practicing correct fundamental techniques drastically lowers injury risk. Coaches and trainers must provide appropriate technical education to child athletes.

Use of Quality and Proper Equipment

Children should use sports shoes and protective gear suitable for their age and sport discipline. Regular maintenance and inspection of equipment also help reduce injury risks.

Nutrition and Rehabilitation

A sufficient and balanced diet supports muscle and bone health. Proper rehabilitation programs post-exercise help minimize injury effects.

Regular Orthopedic Examinations

Routine orthopedic check-ups allow for early detection of problems in children. Early intervention can prevent serious injuries.

Awareness of orthopedic risks requires both families and athletic children to act consciously. This approach maximizes the benefits of sports while minimizing adverse effects.